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Eritrean History

Eritrea has been under "transitional government" rule since it declared independence from Ethiopia in 1993. This followed a bitter 30-year war that ended in 1991.

Eritrea's economy is based on subsistence farming, with 80 percent of its population involved in farming and herding. Hostilities with Ethiopia have impeded progress. A 1998-2000 war severely hurt Eritrea's economy. Still, development of its transportation infrastructure continued despite the war, and the government is implementing a development agenda under strict economic controls.

Eritrea's border with Ethiopia remains in dispute despite a 2007 demarcation decision by the Eritrea-Ethiopia Boundary Commission. There is a 25 km-wide Temporary Security Zone on the border between the two nations.

The country's only legal political party is the People's Front for Democracy and Justice (PFDJ). A transitional legislature composed entirely of PFDJ members was formed in 1993. It ratified a constitution 1997 that was to go into effect pending parliamentary and presidential elections, which were scheduled to take place in December 2001. Elections, however, were postponed indefinitely.

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